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Entre o pioneirismo e o impasse: a reforma paulista de 1920 Between the pioneering spirit and impasse: the 1920 São Paulo state reform

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dc.creator Ana Maria Cavaliere
dc.date 2003-06-01T00:00:00Z
dc.date.accessioned 2015-07-20T22:31:04Z
dc.date.available 2015-07-20T22:31:04Z
dc.identifier 10.1590/S1517-97022003000100003
dc.identifier 1517-9702
dc.identifier 1678-4634
dc.identifier https://doaj.org/article/ad46434595a24efd82186a0ed8444a93
dc.identifier.uri http://evidence.thinkportal.org/handle/123456789/22374
dc.description Partindo das atuais preocupações com a melhoria da qualidade das escolas brasileiras de educação fundamental, o texto reexamina a reforma do ensino paulista de 1920, a qual explicitou o dilema político que atravessaria todo o século xx entre expansão e qualidade nos sistemas educacionais. Sua importância histórica tem sido registrada devido a seu pioneirismo na tentativa de inovar métodos de ensino e de racionalizar procedimentos administrativos. Neste trabalho, aponta-se o conflito entre a proposta curricular da reforma em questão e sua prioridade declarada de alfabetizar em massa as crianças do estado em um curso primário por ela reduzido a dois anos de duração e duas horas e meia diárias de aula. A reforma inaugura de forma tecnicamente justificada a "solução" da redução do tempo de permanência das crianças na escola como condição para a ampliação da oferta de vagas, o que veio a se tornar uma prática generalizada nos sistemas educacionais de todo o país. São analisadas também as contradições nela reveladas entre as primeiras apropriações da pedagogia escolanovista e as tendências à simplificação e empobrecimento da escola pública brasileira No momento atual em que a universalização do atendimento parece configurar um outro patamar a exigir novas soluções políticas para a obtenção da qualidade educacional, o texto enfoca retrospectivamente o tipo de solução política utilizada pela reforma paulista de 1920, destacando seus resultados imprevistos e indesejados, com vistas a um bom equacionamento dos desafios ora presentes.<br>Taking as a starting point the current concerns with the improvement of the quality of brazilian primary education schools, the text re-examines the reform of 1920 in São Paulo State, which made explicit the political dilemma that would last for the whole of the 20th century between the expansion and the quality of school systems. The historical importance of that reform has been recognized in view of its pioneering attempts at innovating teaching methods and rationalizing management procedures. The conflict is pointed out here between the curriculum proposals of the reform and its proclaimed priority of achieving widespread children literacy in the State of São Paulo when the first four years of primary education had been shortened by the same reform to a period of two years with two and a half hours daily attendance. The reform brings about in a technically justifiable way the "solution" of reducing daily attendance as a condition to increase places at school. Such measures then became generalized practices in education systems throughout the country. The present work also investigates the contradictions evidenced in that reform between the first assimilations of the New School pedagogy and the tendency to simplification and impoverishment of the Brazilian state school. In the present moment when the universalization of education in Brazil seems to configure a new level of demand, requiring new political solutions to achieve high quality in education, the text focuses in retrospect the kind of political solution employed by the 1920 reform in São Paulo, highlighting its unanticipated and undesirable results, in the hope of contributing to a better resolution of the challenges faced today.
dc.language Portuguese
dc.language Spanish
dc.language English
dc.publisher Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo
dc.relation http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-97022003000100003
dc.relation https://doaj.org/toc/1517-9702
dc.relation https://doaj.org/toc/1678-4634
dc.rights CC BY-NC
dc.source Educação e Pesquisa, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 27-44 (2003)
dc.subject Escola fundamental
dc.subject Políticas educacionais
dc.subject Jornada escolar
dc.subject Reformas do ensino
dc.subject Primary school
dc.subject Educational policies
dc.subject School daily attendance
dc.subject School reforms
dc.subject Education (General)
dc.subject L7-991
dc.subject Education
dc.subject L
dc.subject DOAJ:Education
dc.subject DOAJ:Social Sciences
dc.subject Education (General)
dc.subject L7-991
dc.subject Education
dc.subject L
dc.subject DOAJ:Education
dc.subject DOAJ:Social Sciences
dc.subject Education (General)
dc.subject L7-991
dc.subject Education
dc.subject L
dc.subject Education (General)
dc.subject L7-991
dc.subject Education
dc.subject L
dc.subject Education (General)
dc.subject L7-991
dc.subject Education
dc.subject L
dc.title Entre o pioneirismo e o impasse: a reforma paulista de 1920 Between the pioneering spirit and impasse: the 1920 São Paulo state reform
dc.type article


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