Shortly after settling the conquered world, the imperial powers developed<br />a military concept for the occupation and, where they deemed it necessary, for the<br />pacification of their variegated possessions. A vast literature, embracing both the<br />theory and the practice of such operations, developed. The British, following the<br />fashionable ideas of the Victorian soldier-philosopher, Colonel C.E. Callwell,<br />adopted the concept of small wars, a term applied to a variety of scenarios; Callwell,<br />in fact, enumerated seven categories of potential enemies ranging from wellstructured<br />armies to guerrillas and irregular cavalry.