It is analysed a labour from the separate aspects of adaptation processes of students to the studies in higher education establishments. The specific of practical application of adaptation of students of higher institutes, in particular psychological and pedagogical is considered. The terms of origin of problem of adaptation of students are exposed to the terms of studies. It is discovered that psycho-pedagogical problem of adaptation of freshmen includes acquaintance with situation and typical problems of studies, motivational component and forming of sensitiveness to the changes.