Purpose of work - to define the modern state and perspective directions of researches in area of physical rehabilitation of patients by a lumbar osteochondrosis after surgical treatment. Material for researches is the articles in the specialized magazines and abstracts of database the National medical library of USA "Medline" for the last 15 years. Informative research allowed to set general conformities to the law of orthopaedic status of patients a lumbar osteochondrosis, subject surgical treatment and to expose the volume of facilities of their physical rehabilitation in a perioperative period. It is rotined that the state of locomotorium of patients is characterized the presence of cross muscular syndromes and change of positional parameters vertebral-pelvic balance. It is marked that selectivity and specificity of the existent programs of medical physical culture after lumbar spondylosyndesis does not provide valuable renewal of functional possibilities and reduces efficiency of surgical treatment.