Se reflexiona sobre los paradigmas vigentes para la formación de recursos humanos en salud necesarios para el mundo, tomando en consideración algunos de sus determinantes como: voluntad política, recursos financieros y flujo migratorio. Se ponen de manifiesto las causas e implicaciones, en última instancia, sociales, de la utilización del modelo flexneriano para la formación de estos recursos. Se analizan además los diferentes retos que enfrenta hoy a nivel mundial la educación de pregrado y posgrado en Ciencias de la Salud.<br>Some reflections were made on the present paradigms of the formation of human resources in health worldwide, taking several determinants into consideration such as political willingness, financial resources and migration flows. The causes and implications, ultimately of social origin, of the use of the Flexner´s model for the formation of these resources were explained. Additionally, the different challenges that the undergraduate and the graduate education in health sciences are facing at present worldwide were analyzed.