Nowadays the problem of the political factor is to solve the question about the civil and patriotic self- identification of a Russian man as a national individual. It is necessary to develop such Russian qualities as an active civil position, morality, patriotic love to his homeland. A Russian man must overcome the sense of being backward from the West man, propensity for blind imitation of west countries life. This article research in short the social and spiritual spheres in the state of Russia such as philosophy, ideology, religion, literature and their influence on the development of the character of the Russian man. The principal points of view of greatest Russian philosophers are shortly examined. In this article the fundamental positions of the four Russian philosophic schools are stated. A short account is given of the views upon this question of N.A. Berdyaev, I.A. Ilin, V.S. Soloviev, N.O. Losskii, D.S. Likchachev, V.S. Barulin, V.R. Medinskii. Attention is also paid to the points of view of the foreign philosophers.