The present study was conducted to investigate “Matter and Change” activities in the 4th and 5th Grade Science and Technology Textbook in Turkey in respect to “Science and Technology Programme” educational attainment, competency of concept teaching, accuracy of phrases and concepts after activities and in accordance with related subject. For this purpose, three 4th Grade and three 5th Grade Science and Technology Textbooks used in 2010-2011 terms and accepted as essential science textbook by Ministry of National Education were examined. Results show that more than half of the activities in the 4.th Grade textbooks and more activities in the 5.th Grade textbooks were consistent with educational attainments, some activities have no attainment, some attainments have more than one activity, and some attainments have no activities. Moreover, wrong or inaccurate definitions and phrases were determined.