A variety of research on Science Teaching that involve attitudes assessment have shown poor and/or confused results due to the lack of a consistent theoretical and methodological framework. The discrepancy in the signification given by researchers to the cthe interpretation of the results and the establishment of relationships between the obtained conclusions. In this work, we defend the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), by Icek Ajzen, as an useful framework for researches tAccording to TPB, attitudes, jointly with aspects related to the social pressure perceived, available infrastructure and individuals skills are predictors of their behavioral intentions related to behavior. This theory is potentially useful to support researches to create instruments for the measurement of attitudes, and to help them to interpret the results and plan interventions programs that improve their chances to reach the respectives